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Practical guides to organising records and preparing for legal discussions. Browse a topic or search a question.
Suspected cyber fraud — preparing the first record
Notify the relevant bank or payment provider promptly through a verified channel and preserve the transaction and communication record. Do not delay reporting…
CriminalOfficial reporting of financial cyber fraud in India
The official national financial-cyber-fraud helpline is 1930, and I4C directs complainants to complete the complaint on the official portal as required. Report…
CriminalUPI and digital-payment evidence
Keep the transaction identifier, recipient details shown, date, amount and provider response. A payment screenshot alone may omit information needed to trace the…
CriminalPreserving a device or electronic record for a legal dispute
Preserve original files and context through lawful access. Editing the only copy, resetting a device or forwarding fragments can complicate later proof.
CriminalOnline impersonation and fake profiles
Preserve the profile's exact identifier, source and dated representations before reporting. A similar name and a fraudulent impersonation allegation require…
CriminalOnline harassment — organising a safe factual record
Preserve the conduct and its context, and seek appropriate help promptly where safety is at risk. Do not respond by publishing private details or making…
CriminalNon-consensual private or intimate images
Preserve necessary identifying information safely and seek prompt official and platform assistance. Do not redistribute intimate material to informal groups to ask…
CriminalPlatform removal requests and legal complaints
Identify the material, exact location and reason for the request. A platform report and a court or police process have different powers and consequences.
CriminalPhishing messages and suspicious email records
Do not click or respond merely to investigate. Preserve the original message and relevant account or transaction record through safe, lawful methods.
CriminalContracts formed through email or electronic messages
Electronic communication can form part of a contract record, but consent, authority, final terms and required formalities still need examination.
CriminalElectronic signatures and the transaction's formalities
Identify the signing method and document type before assuming an electronic signature satisfies every legal requirement. A pasted image and a recognised…
CriminalDomain names and brand disputes
A domain registration is not a complete trademark clearance. Identify the name, goods or services, earlier use and the conduct complained of.